节点定位是无线传感器网络的一个重要研究内容。针对传感器网络内所有节点物理位置都未知的情况，文中提出一种利用已知的外界参考信号源来对网络内传感器节点进行定位的方法，并建立了基于TDOA、TOA及AOA的定位估计模型。尽管参数测量有误差，但所提出的方法能够提供有效的位置信息及一定的精度，而且基于AOA的定位模型并不增加传感器节点的成本和复杂度。仿真实验结果表明，该方法能对节点进行有效的定位。

The location problem of sensor nodes is an important research issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Aiming at that all the nodes in the sensor networks need to be located, this paper presents an auxiliary GPS-location method which locates the sensor nodes with respect to the outside reference signal sources. Furthermore, the paper gives the location models based on TDOA, TOA and AOA. Despite the parameter measurement errors, the method provides sufficient location information and accuracy to support basic network functions. The proposed method based on AOA estimation model does not increase the complexity or cost of construction of the sensor nodes. Numerical simulation experiment results show that the proposed methods can locate the sensor nodes effectively.

TN957.51

国家自然科学基金（编号：60472064）和河南省自然科学基金（编号：0511010700）