针对远程毫米波雷达的应用需求,探讨了提高毫米波雷达性能的技术途径:(1)采用回旋管器件,可获得高功率毫米波源,通过空间功率合成技术可进一步提高辐射功率;(2)采用波束波导和过模波导系统,可在保证耐功率的同时获得极低的传输损耗;(3)超导接收机具备低噪声系数和高接收灵敏度,相比常温器件,在Ka波段和W波段可分别获得约4 dB和7 dB得益。分析表明,采用上述3方面措施可显著提高毫米波雷达系统的性能指标。

According to the application requirements of long-range millimeter radar, methods of improving the radar performances are discussed from three aspects: (1) Millimeter wave sources with high output power are available by gyro-amplifier, and higher power could be achieved by quasi-optical or phased array based power combining; (2) Extremely low鄄loss and high withstanding power could be ensured by beam waveguide and overmoded transmission line; (3) Superconducting receiver provides highly sensitive and ultra-low noise figure, and system sensitivity could be increased by about 4 dB and 7 dB respectively at Ka band and W band when compared to normal temperature receivers. It is believed that the performances of millimeter wave radar can be greatly improved by the above three techniques.