介绍了机载干涉合成孔径雷达（InSAR）测高原理，建立了机载InSAR系统模型并推导回波信号接收和处理流程所涉及的公式，剖析机载InSAR系统测高的全部误差源。对比高、低频段刚性基线和非刚性基线两种配置情况下机载InSAR系统测高误差来源的异同。在满足一定分辨率和测高精度的要求下，优选系统的基线形式和长度，通过计算分析了各种误差源对测高精度的影响。最后，计算了成像信噪比、测高灵敏度和高程精度等指标，其结论可以作为机载InSAR系统设计的有益参考。

The theory of measuring terrain height by an airborne interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is introduced, the model of an airborne InSAR system is built, and the equations of signal receiving and processing are developed. Then all the error sources of measuring terrain height by an airborne InSAR are deeply analyzed. A comparison is made between the high band InSAR with the rigid baseline structure and the low band InSAR with the non rigid baseline structure. In terms of the resolution and height accuracy required, the form and length of baselines are optimally selected and the effect of error sources is analyzed on the accuracy of digital elevation model (DEM). Finally，the Signal Noise Ratio (SNR) of SAR imaging, the sensitivity and accuracy of measuring terrain height are computed, which conclusions can be regarded as a good reference in the design of an airborne InSAR system.

TN957.3