电真空器件正在向大功率、高频段上发展,该类电真空器件具有高峰值、高平均功率、高工作频率和大带宽的特点。近年来,借助材料科学、微加工方法和技术的进步,电真空器件的频率正在向毫米波、亚毫米波甚至太赫兹频段快速发展。大功率、高频段电真空器件同时具有更高的效率和更宽的带宽,在雷达技术领域有着广阔的应用前景。文中重点介绍了大功率、高频段电真空器件在雷达、电子对抗和微波武器等领域的五个重点发展方向,包括8 mm、3 mm 波段毫米波器件集中式和分布式系统应用、太赫兹频段器件应用、高功率微波系统应用和长脉冲发射技术。最后,展望了未来的需求和发展趋势。

High power microwave vacuum electron devices are moving towards high power and high frequency band. These vacuum devices have many advantages such as high peak, high average power, and high requency big bandwidth. Advances in materials methodology, fabrication and technology, microwave vacuum electronic devices frequencies are developing fast towards millimeter wave, sub-millimeter wave, even terahertz (THz) frequency fields. A new generation of vacuum device with higher power, higher efficiency and bigger bandwidth has wide potential application in the modern radar fields. This paper reviews the applications of high power and high frequency microwave vacuum devices in radar, electronic countermeasure, microwave weapon and some other fields, including centralized and distributed systems based on millimeter device at 8 mm-band、3 mm-band, the application of devices at THz-band and high power microwave systems, as well as long pulse transmitter technology. The requirement and development trend of high power and high frequency microwave vacuum devices are also prospected.

TN957. 51