热控涂层是航天器热设计常用的一种被动热控制技术。选用合适的热控涂层,能使航天器某些部位处于期望的温度范围内,这对于航天器正常在轨运行具有重要的作用。文中首先介绍了热控涂层的概念及基本原理,按照热辐射性质和组成对热控涂层进行了分类,并按照制备方法的不同对各类热控涂层进行了详细阐述,重点分析了国内外涂料型热控涂层的主要差距;然后,从热辐射性质、空间稳定性、基材适用性、附着性、清洗性及工艺性几个方面对各类热控涂层的性能进行了比较;最后,指出了当前我国航天器热控涂层存在的不足,并对航天器热控涂层技术的未来发展方向进行了展望。

Thermal control coatings is a kind of passive thermal control technology used in spacecraft thermal design. The appropriate thermal control coating can be used to keep certain parts of the spacecraft in the desired temperature range, which plays an important role in the normal operation of spacecraft. This paper first introduces the concept and basic principle of thermal control coatings. Thermal control coatings are classified according to their thermal radiation properties and composition. Various kinds of thermal control coatings are described in detail according to different preparation methods. The main differences of coating-type thermal control coatings at home and abroad are analyzed. Then the properties of various thermal control coatings are compared from the aspects of thermal radiation properties, space stability, substrate applicability, adhesion, cleaning and process. At the end of the paper, the shortcomings of thermal control coatings for spacecraft in china are pointed out, and the future development direction of thermal control coating technology for spacecraft is prospected.

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