提出了一种基于多层线极化选择栅的天线极化重构设计方法,在阵列天线上加载多层线极化栅,当天线阵面固定不动时,通过旋转极化选择栅实现线天线极化重构。分析了线极化选择栅层间距对天线辐射性能的影响,研究了在天线极化重构情况下极化栅的层间距和层数对天线增益的影响。对Ku 波段阵列天线和三层线极化选择栅进行了加工和测试,测试结果与仿真结果基本一致。天线法向辐射时,极化旋转90°的增益损失约为0. 62 dB~1. 68 dB。天线波束扫描时,增益损失有所增大。当线极化选择栅为四层时,天线在0~45°扫描角范围内,极化旋转90°的增益损失减小至0. 8 dB,旁瓣抬升小于2 dB。文中设计的多层线极化选择栅结构具有可极化重构、损耗低和角度稳定性好的优点,为天线实现线极化重构和极化匹配提供了一种新方法。

The design of antenna polarization reconfiguration based on multilayer linear polarization selective grates is presented in this paper. The layers of linear polarization grates on the top of the array antenna are rotated to restructure the antenna polarization while the antenna is fixed. The effect of layer spacing on antenna radiation performance is analyzed. On the condition of polarization reconfiguration, the effect of the layer spacing and layer numbers on antenna gain is discussed. The array antenna prototype working in Ku band and three grate layers are fabricated and measured. The gain loss test results of 90° polarization rotation is about 0. 62 dB~1. 68 dB. On the condition of normal radiation, which agrees basically the same with the simulation results. But the gain loss enlarge with increasing of the scan angle of the antenna. When the polarization grate adds to 4 layers, in the range of 0~ 45° scan angle, the gain loss of 90° polarization rotation can be reduce to 0. 8 dB and the lobe elevation is smaller than 2 dB. So the design presented has the advantage of polarization reconfiguration, low gain loss and good angle stability, which provide a new method of polarization reconfiguration and polarization match for linear polarization antennas.

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