对星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)卫星结构精细估计是空间态势感知的主要内容,阵元间距的估计更是关注的重点。针对星载SAR相控阵体制微带天线阵元间距估计问题,推导了利用雷达RCS数据进行阵元间距估计的公式,仿真了间距对RCS“环状”形状的影响,并通过电磁仿真和实测数据进行验证。开展了平面倾斜和阵列倾斜两种模型的数据比对分析,确定了两种模型对RCS的影响。采用S频段和X频段雷达实测数据,通过姿态转换实现了阵元间距的厘米级估计。数据分析表明,在多航迹下的估计精度误差小于5%,提高了空间态势感知能力。

It is one of the main tasks of the space situational awareness to estimate the structure of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite, especially the estimation of array element distance. Research on the estimation of spaceborne SAR array element distance of microstrip antenna is carried out in this paper, formulas are derived by using the radar cross section (RCS) data, while the influence of distance over the RCS "ring" is also stimulated and verified by electromagnetic simulation and measured data. The influence of both planer inclination and array inclination over RCS is analyzed. Centimeter level estimation accuracy is approached by attitude transformation based on the measured data of S and X band radars, and the estimation accuracy error is better than 5 % in the multiple tracks situation. The result of this paper is helpful for improving the ability of space situational awareness.

TN959. 7

radar cross section; synthetic aperture radar; microstrip antenna; array element distance