雷达探测是信号与噪声的对抗过程,探测系统的性能集中体现在信噪比(SNR)的大小上。探测系统中噪声的大小直接决定了雷达系统的探测灵敏度,进而影响雷达的探测威力,其中,天空背景噪声是雷达噪声的一级输入,其大小对系统总噪声会产生极大的影响。在前人的研究基础上,文中从天空背景噪声产生的原理出发,通过第一性原理计算,分析在不同大气条件下天空背景噪声的大小及其影响因素,进一步结合雷达的天线方向图,计算不同副瓣大小的雷达天线接收的天空背景噪声,为雷达天线的设计和雷达威力的估算分析提供参考。

Radar detection is a process of confrontation between signal and noise, and the performance of the detection system is mainly reflected in the size of the signal to noise ratio (SNR). The noise level in the detection system directly determines the detection sensitivity of the radar system, which in turn affects the detection capability of the radar. Among them, the sky background noise is the primary input of radar noise, and its magnitude will have a great impact on the total system noise. Starting from the principle of sky background noise generation, this paper analyzes the magnitude of sky background noise and its influencing factors under different atmospheric conditions through first-principles calculations, and further combines the radar antenna pattern to calculate the sky background noise received by radar antenna with different side lobe level. This paper provides a reference for the design of radar antennas and the estimation and analysis of radar detection capability.

TN957. 51