基于模型的系统工程 (MBSE) 是当前系统工程发展的热点方向。然而,将MBSE应用于系统研发的实际效果有时不及预期,文中针对该问题展开分析。首先,建立了一种MBSE的效能分析模型。基于该模型,在得益方面辨析了应用MBSE的期望得益与实际得益的概念和区别,分析了影响实际得益的系统复杂度和瓶颈问题等因素;在代价方面分析了应用MBSE的建模成本、学习成本、试错成本、过度应用成本。随后,基于效能分析模型解释了应用MBSE未达到预期效能的几种典型情况。最后,基于得益最大化和代价最小化原则,提出了MBSE应用于系统研发的优化建议,并对MBSE的试点和推广提供参考意见。

Model-based system engineering (MBSE) is currently a prominent direction. However, the effectiveness of applying MBSE in system research and development sometimes falls short of expectations. In this paper the issue by establishing an efficacy analysis model for MBSE is analyzed. Based on the model, the concepts and differences between expected benefits and actual benefits are distinguished, and the system complexity and main problems are analyzed. The costs associated with applying MBSE, including modeling costs, learning costs, trial and error costs, and over deployment costs are analyzed as well. Moreover, several typical situations for MBSE failure are explained based on this model. Lastly, following the principles of maximizing benefits and minimizing costs, optimization recommendations for applying MBSE in system research and development are presented and insights for piloting and promoting MBSE are provided.

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