瞬变电磁法具有探测深度大、抗干扰能力强、对金属异常体探测敏感的特点,在未爆弹探测领域有着显著应用前景。现有未爆弹探测装置存在施工效率低、人员伤亡风险大以及复杂地形适应能力弱等缺点,无法满足小目标体精细、快速探测的需求。基于此,文中提出采用无人机搭载的瞬变电磁装置进行探测,采用理论分析和野外实验相结合方法进行研究。首先,建立含有未爆弹的正演模型进行仿真计算,研究结果表明:无人机瞬变电磁探测方法能反映出未爆弹异常响应特征;其次,采用非线性优化方法进行反演计算,反演结果能较好反映出未爆弹空间位置信息;最后,以重庆市潼南区某试验区探测为例,开展无人机瞬变电磁未爆弹探测研究。将探测结果与现场实际情况相比较,验证无人机瞬变电磁未爆弹探测结果准确性和有效性。研究工作为未爆弹等小目标体精细探测提供更有效的探测方法和手段。

The transient electromagnetic (TEM) method has the advantages of large detection depth, strong anti-interference ability and sensitiving to metal anomalies detection, so it has a significant application prospects in the field of unexploded bomb detection. The existing unexploded bomb (UXO) detection device has the disadvantages of low construction efficiency, high risk of casualties and weak adaptability to complex terrain, which can′t meet the needs of fine and rapid detection of small targets. The transient electromagnetic device carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was proposed for detection in this paper, and use a combination of theoretical analysis and field experiment to study. Firstly, a forward model containing UXO was established for simulation calculation. The results show that the UAV transient electromagnetic detection method can reflect the abnormal response characteristics of UXO. Secondly, the nonlinear optimization method is used for inversion calculation, and the inversion results can better reflect the spatial position information of unexploded bombs. Finally, taking a test area in Tongnan District of Chongqing as an example, the UAV transient electromagnetic unexploded bomb detection research is carried out. The detection results verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the UAV transient electromagnetic unexploded bomb detection, which compared with the actual situation on the scene. The research work provides more effective detection methods and means for the fine detection of small targets such as unexploded bombs.

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重庆市自然科学基金资助项目(CSTB2023NSCQMSX0449); 重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究计划资助项目(KJQN202301430);近地面探测技术重点实验室基金资助项目(61424211607)