直升机在低空执行运输、救援、森林防火等任务时,地形、烟囱和电力线等静止障碍物会对直升机的飞行安全带来威胁,而机载防撞雷达是一种有效探测这些障碍物的设备,它能够为处于复杂低空飞行环境的直升机快速提供障碍物的精确距离、方位等位置信息,支撑飞行员动态规划和调整飞行航线以在恶劣的低空环境中安全飞行,从而有效提高直升机的任务出勤率,在提升直升机低空生存能力中发挥着重要的作用。文中从讨论直升机低空安全飞行的迫切需求出发,提出直升机防撞雷达的主要能力要求,简述了我国直升机防撞雷达的应用情况,并根据工程经验,总结了防撞雷达的装机设计技术难点,探讨了直升机防撞探测技术的发展趋势。

The flight safety of helicopter is threatened by some static obstacles such as the terrain, chimneys and power lines, while the helicopter performing tasks of transportation, rescue and forest-firefighting at low altitudes. Airborne collision avoidance radar is an effective device for detecting these obstacles. In the complex environments of low altitude flight, the accurate location information of obstacles, such as distance and orientation, is provided rapidly by the collision avoidance radar for the helicopter to support pilots to dynamically plan and adjust flight routes to safely fly , which can improve the task implementation rate of the helicopter efficiently and play an important part in elevating the level of helicopter’s security. Based on the urgent demand of helicopter’s flight safety, some main collision avoidance functions are discussed and the current application status of helicopter collision avoidance radar is mentioned briefly in this paper. Then some technical design difficulties of helicopter collision avoidance radar are extracted based on engineering experience, and some forward looking thoughts of the collision avoidance technology are suggested.

TN959.73