现代信息化战场上,无人机以其独特的优势,得到了广泛的应用,然而日趋复杂的电磁环境对无人机通信造成了严重的影响。文中针对无人机通信数据链的抗干扰需求,利用微波铁氧体双折射效应和自适应快速变极化控制,设计了一种无人机自适应变极化抗干扰天线。无人机自适应变极化抗干扰天线是利用微波铁氧体双折射效应快速产生垂直极化波、水平极化波、左圆极化波、右圆极化波、椭圆极化波等任意极化波辐射空间与干扰波形成极化正交压制干扰,当无人机受到自然或人为有源同频干扰时,天线能够快速改变极化状态抑制干扰,保持无人机通信畅通。重点从工程应用角度分析了无人机自适应变极化抗干扰天线的原理和技术要点,并针对天线在2. 4 GHz~2. 5 GHz 工作频段的抗干扰效果进行了抗干扰试验。

In the modern information warfare, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) are widely utilized for their unique advantages. However, the increasingly complex electromagnetic environment has had a significant impact on UAV communication. The design of an adaptive variable polarization anti-jamming antenna for UAV based on microwave ferrite birefringence effect and adaptive rapid variable polarization control is presented in this paper. The antenna utilizes microwave ferrite birefringence effect to rapidly generate vertical polarized wave, horizontal polarized wave, left circular polarized wave, right circular polarized wave, elliptically polarized wave and other arbitrary polarized waves for radiation into space and interference suppression through orthogonal polarization. When subjected to natural or artificial active co-frequency interference, the antenna can quickly adjust its polarization state to suppress the interference and maintain smooth UAV communication. The principles and technical key points of this adaptive variable polarization anti-jamming antenna for UAV are analyzed from an engineering application perspective, and anti-jamming tests are conducted to evaluate its effectiveness in the 2. 4 GHz~2. 5 GHz working band.

TN974