采用快速物理光学(FPO)方法模拟二次曲面片剖分后的旋翼无人机目标散射场,该方法考虑了目标的物理机理,可采用大尺寸比例细分和属性散射中心(ASC)模型提取目标的散射中心。为解决ASC 参数估计中的不适定问题,减少计算时间和精度误差,提出一种正交匹配追踪(OMP)与基于成功历史记录的自适应参数差分进化(SHADE)相结合的稀疏方法。数值算例表明,文中方法能够有效准确地提取复杂目标的散射中心,同时在10 GHz频段时,面片数目减少了两到三个数量级。根据散射中心提取结果,得到了旋翼无人机的多个小散射中心围绕中央散射中心呈中心对称分布,而直升机的多个散射中心呈近似平行分布的结论,为利用雷达目标电磁散射特性差异进行低慢小目标精准识别提供可靠仿真依据与理论基础。

In this paper, the fast physical optics (FPO) method is employed to simulate the scattering field of a quadratic surface subdivision for rotor UAV targets. The FPO method considers the physical mechanism of the target and allows for electrically large-scale proportional subdivision. To address the ill-posed problem in ASC parameter estimation while reducing computation time and accuracy errors, a sparse method that combines orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) with success history-based parameter adaptive differential evolution (SHADE) is proposed. Numerical examples demonstrate that our proposed method can effectively and accurately extract scattering centers of complex targets, resulting in a reduction of 2~3 bits in patch numbers at the 10 GHz band. According to the scattering center extraction results, it is concluded that the small scattering centers of the rotor UAV are centrosymmetric around the central scattering center, while the scattering centers of the helicopter are approximately parallel, which provides a reliable simulation basis and theoretical basis for the accurate identification and automatic detection of low and slow small targets by using the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of radar targets.

TN957;V279

国家自然科学基金资助项目(62222120);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2021YQ43)